The ruling by a federal judge found that federal prosecutors could fall back on local grand juries to approve serious charges when they failed to persuade a federal grand jury.
A class-action suit accuses the Trump administration of weaponizing civil penalties to force undocumented migrants to self-deport through enormous penalties.
Judge Jia M. Cobb found that the presence of more than 2,000 National Guard troops, many from outside D.C., was most likely unlawful. She paused the order from taking effect until Dec. 11.
Jurors found Sean Dunn not guilty of a misdemeanor after seven hours of deliberation, and after prosecutors had previously failed to secure a felony indictment.
A lawsuit filed on Monday argued that the president has discriminated against blue states by slashing federal funds for political leverage during the shutdown.
In a fast-moving trial, prosecutors invited testimony from the federal agent who said he was hit by a deli sandwich during a confrontation with Sean Dunn.
During a hearing on Friday, lawyers told a judge that National Guard troops sent from Republican-led states had been conducting conduct law enforcement work.