Neil MacFarquhar

The American invasion of Iraq in 2003 set the path for Tehran to dominate its neighbor and whetted its appetite to expand its influence across the greater Middle East.

A London-based research group has invoked a now-defunct European pact on coal and steel to suggest forming a coalition of countries that would share control of the Strait of Hormuz.

With much of their leadership killed in the war, Iran’s conservatives have sought to fill the void and intensify the fight against the United States.

Iran’s history shows it is willing to dig in, even when it may suffer big losses.

Neither the war nor the agreement terminated the main threats emanating from Iran, many analysts said.

Russia and the United States projected their own centralized views onto Ukraine and Iran, analysts said. As a result, the smaller countries trapped larger ones in a costly confrontation.

Russia and the United States projected their own centralized views onto Ukraine and Iran, analysts said. As a result, the smaller countries trapped larger ones in a costly confrontation.

It was the second such attack in days and came just hours after President Vladimir V. Putin spoke at an economic forum in the city.

Decision making in Iran is guided by a small group of men associated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps.

The arrest of Mohammad al-Saadi in the United States on Friday has raised concerns that Iran could be working with its proxies to stage attacks outside the region.